Transformers: the Google scientists who pioneered an AI revolution
Raw Text
Accessibility help
Skip to navigation
Skip to content
Skip to footer
Sign In
Subscribe
Open side navigation menu
Open search bar
Financial Times
Subscribe
Sign In
myFT
Close search bar
Home
World Sections World Home Global Economy UK US China Africa Asia Pacific Emerging Markets Europe War in Ukraine Americas Middle East & North Africa Australia & NZ Most Read Spain faces uncertain political future after election deadlock Billionaire donors cool on Ron DeSantis over rightwing policies Sydney almost eliminates HIV transmission in global first Federal Reserve to signal it is not done yet on interest rate rises Conservative mistakes helped Pedro Sanchez halt Voxâs march in Spain
US Sections US Home US Economy US Companies US Politics & Policy Most Read
Companies Sections Companies Home Energy Financials Health Industrials Media Professional Services Retail & Consumer Tech Sector Telecoms Transport Most Read How Deutsche Bankâs 13-year attempt to kill off an IT system finally worked Adidas scores a hit with first batch of unsold Yeezy shoes How the sky became the limit for Franceâs Rafale jet Work dries up for US consultancies in China after national security raids âBarbenheimerâ delivers yearâs biggest opening weekend at North American box offices
Tech
Markets Sections Markets Home Alphaville Markets Data Cryptofinance Capital Markets Commodities Currencies Equities Fund Management Trading Moral Money ETF Hub Most Read Live news: Adidas upgrades outlook on âpositive impactâ from Yeezy inventory sale Sam Altmanâs Worldcoin crypto project begins international rollout US junk loan market hit with flurry of credit rating downgrades Ukraine war casts a shadow over Vladimir Putinâs summit with African leaders The government needs to be far bolder on pension reform
Climate
Opinion Sections Opinion Home Columnists The FT View Lex Obituaries Letters Most Read Tattoos have reached a turning point at work Israeli democracy is fighting for its life Barbie is a rare winner in the corporate culture wars Generation Rent is at the sharp end of rate rises The rise of AI forces us to reinterpret our human intelligence
Work & Careers Sections Work & Careers Home Business School Rankings Business Education Entrepreneurship Recruitment Business Books Business Travel Most Read Cait Hewitt: âI hope the era of aviation exceptionalism is overâ Women in football fail to score top jobs off the pitch
Life & Arts Sections Life & Arts Home Arts Books Food & Drink FT Magazine House & Home Style Travel FT Globetrotter Most Read Donât forget to pack these gadgets... Director Christopher Nolan: âOppenheimer is absolutely a cautionary taleâ How a squad of MAGA warriors flush with cash turned on each other Five solo adventures for mind, body and soul How I learnt to live with shyness
HTSI
Menu
Search
Home
World
US
Companies
Tech
Markets
Climate
Opinion
Work & Careers
Life & Arts
HTSI
Financial Times
Subscribe
Sign In
Close search bar
Be a global citizen.
Gain a global perspective on the US and go beyond with curated news and analysis from 600 journalists in 50+ countries covering politics, business, innovation, trends and more.
Subscribe to unlock this article
Try unlimited access
Then $69 per month
New customers only
Cancel anytime during your trial
Then $69 per month
New customers only
Cancel anytime during your trial
Keep reading for $1 Purchase a Trial subscription for $1 for 4 weeks You will be billed $69 per month after the trial ends
What is included in my trial?
During your trial you will have complete digital access to FT.com with everything in both of our Standard Digital and Premium Digital packages.
Standard Digital includes access to a wealth of global news, analysis and expert opinion. Premium Digital includes access to our premier business column, Lex, as well as 15 curated newsletters covering key business themes with original, in-depth reporting. For a full comparison of Standard and Premium Digital, click here .
Change the plan you will roll onto at any time during your trial by visiting the âSettings & Accountâ section.
What happens at the end of my trial?
If you do nothing, you will be auto-enrolled in our premium digital monthly subscription plan and retain complete access for $69 per month.
For cost savings, you can change your plan at any time online in the âSettings & Accountâ section. If youâd like to retain your premium access and save 20%, you can opt to pay annually at the end of the trial.
You may also opt to downgrade to Standard Digital, a robust journalistic offering that fulfils many userâs needs. Compare Standard and Premium Digital here .
Any changes made can be done at any time and will become effective at the end of the trial period, allowing you to retain full access for 4 weeks, even if you downgrade or cancel.
When can I cancel?
You may change or cancel your subscription or trial at any time online. Simply log into Settings & Account and select "Cancel" on the right-hand side.
You can still enjoy your subscription until the end of your current billing period.
What forms of payment can I use?
We support credit card, debit card and PayPal payments.
about Trial
Explore our subscriptions
Individual
Find the plan that suits you best.
Digital
Print + digital
Professional
Premium access for businesses and educational institutions.
Get Started
Check if your university or organisation offers FT membership to read for free.
Cookies on FT Sites
We use cookies and other data for a number of reasons, such as keeping FT Sites reliable and secure, personalising content and ads, providing social media features and to analyse how our Sites are used.
Accept cookies
Manage cookies
Useful links
Support
View Site Tips
Help Centre
Contact Us
About Us
Accessibility
myFT Tour
Careers
Legal & Privacy
Terms & Conditions
Privacy Policy
Cookies
Copyright
Slavery Statement & Policies
Services
Share News Tips Securely
Individual Subscriptions
Professional Subscriptions
Republishing
Executive Job Search
Advertise with the FT
Follow the FT on Twitter
FT Channels
FT Schools
Tools
Portfolio
Today's Newspaper (ePaper)
Alerts Hub
Business School Rankings
Enterprise Tools
News feed
Newsletters
Currency Converter
Community & Events
FT Community
FT Live Events
FT Forums
FT Board Director
Board Director Programme
More from the FT Group
FT Editorial Code of Practice
Close side navigation menu
Financial Times
International Edition
Subscribe for full access
Search
Switch to UK Edition
Top sections
Home
World Show more World Global Economy UK US China Africa Asia Pacific Emerging Markets Europe War in Ukraine Americas Middle East & North Africa Australia & NZ
US Show more US US Economy US Companies US Politics & Policy
Companies Show more Companies Energy Financials Health Industrials Media Professional Services Retail & Consumer Tech Sector Telecoms Transport
Tech
Markets Show more Markets Alphaville Markets Data Cryptofinance Capital Markets Commodities Currencies Equities Fund Management Trading Moral Money ETF Hub
Climate
Opinion Show more Opinion Columnists The FT View Lex Obituaries Letters
Work & Careers Show more Work & Careers Business School Rankings Business Education Entrepreneurship Recruitment Business Books Business Travel
Life & Arts Show more Life & Arts Arts Books Food & Drink FT Magazine House & Home Style Travel FT Globetrotter
Personal Finance Show more Personal Finance Property & Mortgages Investments Pensions Tax Banking & Savings Advice & Comment Next Act
HTSI
Special Reports
FT recommends
Lex
Alphaville
Lunch with the FT
FT Globetrotter
#techAsia
Moral Money
Visual and data journalism
Newsletters
Video
Podcasts
News feed
FT Live Events
FT Forums
Board Director Programme
myFT
Portfolio
Today's Newspaper (ePaper)
Crossword
Our Apps
Help Centre
Subscribe
Sign In
Single Line Text
Accessibility help. Skip to navigation. Skip to content. Skip to footer. Sign In. Subscribe. Open side navigation menu. Open search bar. Financial Times. Subscribe. Sign In. myFT. Close search bar. Home. World Sections World Home Global Economy UK US China Africa Asia Pacific Emerging Markets Europe War in Ukraine Americas Middle East & North Africa Australia & NZ Most Read Spain faces uncertain political future after election deadlock Billionaire donors cool on Ron DeSantis over rightwing policies Sydney almost eliminates HIV transmission in global first Federal Reserve to signal it is not done yet on interest rate rises Conservative mistakes helped Pedro Sanchez halt Voxâs march in Spain. US Sections US Home US Economy US Companies US Politics & Policy Most Read. Companies Sections Companies Home Energy Financials Health Industrials Media Professional Services Retail & Consumer Tech Sector Telecoms Transport Most Read How Deutsche Bankâs 13-year attempt to kill off an IT system finally worked Adidas scores a hit with first batch of unsold Yeezy shoes How the sky became the limit for Franceâs Rafale jet Work dries up for US consultancies in China after national security raids âBarbenheimerâ delivers yearâs biggest opening weekend at North American box offices. Tech. Markets Sections Markets Home Alphaville Markets Data Cryptofinance Capital Markets Commodities Currencies Equities Fund Management Trading Moral Money ETF Hub Most Read Live news: Adidas upgrades outlook on âpositive impactâ from Yeezy inventory sale Sam Altmanâs Worldcoin crypto project begins international rollout US junk loan market hit with flurry of credit rating downgrades Ukraine war casts a shadow over Vladimir Putinâs summit with African leaders The government needs to be far bolder on pension reform. Climate. Opinion Sections Opinion Home Columnists The FT View Lex Obituaries Letters Most Read Tattoos have reached a turning point at work Israeli democracy is fighting for its life Barbie is a rare winner in the corporate culture wars Generation Rent is at the sharp end of rate rises The rise of AI forces us to reinterpret our human intelligence. Work & Careers Sections Work & Careers Home Business School Rankings Business Education Entrepreneurship Recruitment Business Books Business Travel Most Read Cait Hewitt: âI hope the era of aviation exceptionalism is overâ Women in football fail to score top jobs off the pitch. Life & Arts Sections Life & Arts Home Arts Books Food & Drink FT Magazine House & Home Style Travel FT Globetrotter Most Read Donât forget to pack these gadgets... Director Christopher Nolan: âOppenheimer is absolutely a cautionary taleâ How a squad of MAGA warriors flush with cash turned on each other Five solo adventures for mind, body and soul How I learnt to live with shyness. HTSI. Menu. Search. Home. World. US. Companies. Tech. Markets. Climate. Opinion. Work & Careers. Life & Arts. HTSI. Financial Times. Subscribe. Sign In. Close search bar. Be a global citizen. Gain a global perspective on the US and go beyond with curated news and analysis from 600 journalists in 50+ countries covering politics, business, innovation, trends and more. Subscribe to unlock this article. Try unlimited access. Then $69 per month. New customers only. Cancel anytime during your trial. Then $69 per month. New customers only. Cancel anytime during your trial. Keep reading for $1 Purchase a Trial subscription for $1 for 4 weeks You will be billed $69 per month after the trial ends. What is included in my trial? During your trial you will have complete digital access to FT.com with everything in both of our Standard Digital and Premium Digital packages. Standard Digital includes access to a wealth of global news, analysis and expert opinion. Premium Digital includes access to our premier business column, Lex, as well as 15 curated newsletters covering key business themes with original, in-depth reporting. For a full comparison of Standard and Premium Digital, click here . Change the plan you will roll onto at any time during your trial by visiting the âSettings & Accountâ section. What happens at the end of my trial? If you do nothing, you will be auto-enrolled in our premium digital monthly subscription plan and retain complete access for $69 per month. For cost savings, you can change your plan at any time online in the âSettings & Accountâ section. If youâd like to retain your premium access and save 20%, you can opt to pay annually at the end of the trial. You may also opt to downgrade to Standard Digital, a robust journalistic offering that fulfils many userâs needs. Compare Standard and Premium Digital here . Any changes made can be done at any time and will become effective at the end of the trial period, allowing you to retain full access for 4 weeks, even if you downgrade or cancel. When can I cancel? You may change or cancel your subscription or trial at any time online. Simply log into Settings & Account and select "Cancel" on the right-hand side. You can still enjoy your subscription until the end of your current billing period. What forms of payment can I use? We support credit card, debit card and PayPal payments. about Trial. Explore our subscriptions. Individual. Find the plan that suits you best. Digital. Print. Print + digital. Professional. Premium access for businesses and educational institutions. Get Started. Check if your university or organisation offers FT membership to read for free. Cookies on FT Sites. We use cookies and other data for a number of reasons, such as keeping FT Sites reliable and secure, personalising content and ads, providing social media features and to analyse how our Sites are used. Accept cookies. Manage cookies. Useful links. Support. View Site Tips. Help Centre. Contact Us. About Us. Accessibility. myFT Tour. Careers. Legal & Privacy. Terms & Conditions. Privacy Policy. Cookies. Copyright. Slavery Statement & Policies. Services. Share News Tips Securely. Individual Subscriptions. Professional Subscriptions. Republishing. Executive Job Search. Advertise with the FT. Follow the FT on Twitter. FT Channels. FT Schools. Tools. Portfolio. Today's Newspaper (ePaper) Alerts Hub. Business School Rankings. Enterprise Tools. News feed. Newsletters. Currency Converter. Community & Events. FT Community. FT Live Events. FT Forums. FT Board Director. Board Director Programme. More from the FT Group. FT Editorial Code of Practice. Close side navigation menu. Financial Times. International Edition. Subscribe for full access. Search. Switch to UK Edition. Top sections. Home. World Show more World Global Economy UK US China Africa Asia Pacific Emerging Markets Europe War in Ukraine Americas Middle East & North Africa Australia & NZ. US Show more US US Economy US Companies US Politics & Policy. Companies Show more Companies Energy Financials Health Industrials Media Professional Services Retail & Consumer Tech Sector Telecoms Transport. Tech. Markets Show more Markets Alphaville Markets Data Cryptofinance Capital Markets Commodities Currencies Equities Fund Management Trading Moral Money ETF Hub. Climate. Opinion Show more Opinion Columnists The FT View Lex Obituaries Letters. Work & Careers Show more Work & Careers Business School Rankings Business Education Entrepreneurship Recruitment Business Books Business Travel. Life & Arts Show more Life & Arts Arts Books Food & Drink FT Magazine House & Home Style Travel FT Globetrotter. Personal Finance Show more Personal Finance Property & Mortgages Investments Pensions Tax Banking & Savings Advice & Comment Next Act. HTSI. Special Reports. FT recommends. Lex. Alphaville. Lunch with the FT. FT Globetrotter. #techAsia. Moral Money. Visual and data journalism. Newsletters. Video. Podcasts. News feed. FT Live Events. FT Forums. Board Director Programme. myFT. Portfolio. Today's Newspaper (ePaper) Crossword. Our Apps. Help Centre. Subscribe. Sign In.